INTRODUCTION The Capital of a Company is divided into specified numbers of equal units known as “Shares”. According to Section 2(84) of the Companies Act, 2013 (Hereinafter “The Act”), “Share” means a share in the share capital of a company…

INTRODUCTION A Company is a body corporate separate from its members or promoters. It has separate legal existence due to legal fiction which can only be ended by law. The Companies Act, 2013 (Hereinafter referred as, “The Act”) defines “Company”…

INTRODUCTION Corporate or white-collar crimes are those crimes which are committed by people with high corporate profile or position. It is the position which provide them the opportunity to commit breach of trust. Indian Economy is struggling to control the…

INTRODUCTION A corporate body, once registered under Companies Act, 2013, it is clothed with legal fiction of being referred as “Company”. It is considered as an Artificial Judicial Person i.e., created by law with independent existence from its promoters, directors,…

INTRODUCTION White-collar crimes are not rare occurrences in the business world. The term “White-collar crimes” was introduced by Sutherland. He defined it as a crime committed by a person of high social status and respectability in the course of his occupation. He…

INTRODUCTION In January 2018 The PNB which is the second-largest Public Sector Bank in India, reported fraudulent transactions of approximately $ 1.77 Billion, to Stock Exchanges, the Central Bureau of Investigation & the Reserve Bank of India. The Punjab National…

INTRODUCTION As the participation of enterprises in our daily lives in increasing, recognition of their impact on our socio-economic culture is also rising. It is clear that Corporate’s participation in socio-development activities cannot be undermined or ignored. To make them…

  INTRODUCTION Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is old but dynamic concept which cannot be given any straight-jacketed definition. It emerged in 1930s to 1940s but was formalized by Howard Bowen in his book “Social Responsibilities of a businessman” in 1953.…

INTRODUCTION The Companies Act, 1956 (The 1956 Act) was enacted with a view to consolidate and amend the pre-independence laws relating to companies and certain other associations. It had to undergo several amendments with time but to achieve global competitiveness…

INTRODUCTION Corporations play a vital role in our day-to-day lives, from providing necessities, and employment generation to the overall economic development of a Country. With great power comes great responsibilities, but it is often now that we come across the…

Introduction Choosing a form of business entity is crucial to a successful organization. It refers to all those steps that need to be undertaken for establishing and maintaining relationship between men, material, and machinery to carry on the business efficiently…

INTRODUCTION Corporate frauds & scams have become plaque for all the economies worldwide. India is also no stranger to scams which have resulted in loss of lakhs of crores of rupees to its economy. Due to this they have become…